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Broken Roads and Missing Utilities Undermine Ethiopia’s Tourism Plans
Broken Roads and Missing Utilities Undermine Ethiopia’s Tourism Plans
Mintesinot Nigussie
December 1, 2025
Ethiopia’s national parks are facing critical infrastructure deficits, threatening the country’s ambitions to expand its tourism sector into a multi-billion-dollar industry, a report by the Office of the Federal Auditor General has found.
The audit, covering the 2022 to 2025 budget years, identified systemic failures in the Ministry of Tourism’s planning, development, and maintenance of essential visitor services. Roads, electricity, water, and telecommunications across major parks and tourist sites are either damaged, incomplete, or entirely absent. Visitor facilities including lodges, restaurants, shops, and public restrooms are frequently inadequate or non-existent.
Specific examples highlight the scale of the problem. Awash National Park lacks basic water and internet services. Geraille National Park operates almost entirely without electricity at its office and outposts. At Abijatta-Shalla Lakes National Park, staff must transport water by vehicle due to shortages, and the site lacks standardized offices, roads, ranger outposts, restrooms, showers, and staff housing.
Infrastructure projects have also been delayed or poorly executed. At Senkele Swayne’s Hartebeest Sanctuary, development works have diverged from budgetary, timing, and quality standards. Access roads are deficient, and a community-based lodge under construction showed structural defects, including doors and windows unsuitable for long-term use. Project delays increase exposure to material cost inflation, further raising expenses and extending timelines.
The report attributes the crisis to inadequate regulatory frameworks and planning. The Ministry of Tourism has not defined minimum infrastructure standards for tourist sites, and most protected areas operate without comprehensive master plans. Except for North and Bale National Parks, eleven others lack foundational infrastructure blueprints, and General Management Plans are either missing or poorly implemented.
The government’s failure to establish a legally mandated Tourism Fund has further constrained resources available to address these deficits. The report warns that without structural reforms and investment in basic infrastructure, Ethiopia’s tourism sector risks falling short of its potential to generate employment, attract investment, and earn foreign currency.
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